前言

Cassandra自动巡检作为企业级NoSQL数据库运维的核心能力之一，直接影响着数据存储的稳定性和查询性能。通过智能的集群监控策略，完善的性能优化机制，能够及时发现集群异常，预防数据丢失，保障企业级应用的高可用性。本文从集群监控设计到性能优化，从基础原理到企业级实践，系统梳理Cassandra自动巡检的完整解决方案。

一、Cassandra自动巡检架构设计

1.1 巡检系统整体架构

1.2 巡检核心组件

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/**
 * Cassandra自动巡检核心组件
 */
@Component
public class CassandraInspectionEngine {

    @Autowired
    private ClusterMonitorService clusterMonitorService;

    @Autowired
    private NodeHealthChecker nodeHealthChecker;

    @Autowired
    private DataConsistencyChecker dataConsistencyChecker;

    @Autowired
    private PerformanceMonitorService performanceMonitorService;

    @Autowired
    private StorageMonitorService storageMonitorService;

    @Autowired
    private AlertService alertService;

    /**
     * 启动Cassandra巡检引擎
     */
    public void startInspectionEngine() {
        try {
            // 1. 初始化集群连接
            initializeClusterConnections();

            // 2. 启动集群监控
            clusterMonitorService.startMonitoring();

            // 3. 启动节点健康检查
            nodeHealthChecker.startHealthCheck();

            // 4. 启动数据一致性检查
            dataConsistencyChecker.startConsistencyCheck();

            // 5. 启动性能监控
            performanceMonitorService.startPerformanceMonitoring();

            // 6. 启动存储监控
            storageMonitorService.startStorageMonitoring();

            log.info("Cassandra巡检引擎启动成功");

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("Cassandra巡检引擎启动失败", e);
            throw new InspectionEngineException("巡检引擎启动失败", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 停止Cassandra巡检引擎
     */
    public void stopInspectionEngine() {
        try {
            // 1. 停止存储监控
            storageMonitorService.stopStorageMonitoring();

            // 2. 停止性能监控
            performanceMonitorService.stopPerformanceMonitoring();

            // 3. 停止数据一致性检查
            dataConsistencyChecker.stopConsistencyCheck();

            // 4. 停止节点健康检查
            nodeHealthChecker.stopHealthCheck();

            // 5. 停止集群监控
            clusterMonitorService.stopMonitoring();

            log.info("Cassandra巡检引擎停止成功");

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("Cassandra巡检引擎停止失败", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 初始化集群连接
     */
    private void initializeClusterConnections() {
        // 实现集群连接初始化逻辑
        log.info("初始化Cassandra集群连接");
    }
}

二、集群监控与节点健康检查

2.1 集群监控服务

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/**
 * Cassandra集群监控服务
 */
@Service
public class ClusterMonitorService {

    @Autowired
    private CassandraClusterManager clusterManager;

    @Autowired
    private ClusterMetricsCollector metricsCollector;

    @Autowired
    private ClusterHealthAnalyzer healthAnalyzer;

    private final ScheduledExecutorService monitorScheduler;

    public ClusterMonitorService() {
        this.monitorScheduler = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(5);
    }

    /**
     * 启动集群监控
     */
    public void startMonitoring() {
        // 启动定期监控任务
        monitorScheduler.scheduleAtFixedRate(
            this::monitorCluster,
            0,
            30,
            TimeUnit.SECONDS
        );

        log.info("Cassandra集群监控启动成功");
    }

    /**
     * 停止集群监控
     */
    public void stopMonitoring() {
        try {
            monitorScheduler.shutdown();
            if (!monitorScheduler.awaitTermination(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
                monitorScheduler.shutdownNow();
            }

            log.info("Cassandra集群监控停止成功");

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("Cassandra集群监控停止失败", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 监控集群
     */
    private void monitorCluster() {
        try {
            // 1. 获取集群信息
            ClusterInfo clusterInfo = clusterManager.getClusterInfo();

            // 2. 收集集群指标
            ClusterMetrics metrics = metricsCollector.collectMetrics(clusterInfo);

            // 3. 分析集群健康状态
            ClusterHealthStatus healthStatus = healthAnalyzer.analyzeHealth(metrics);

            // 4. 检查集群状态
            checkClusterStatus(healthStatus);

            // 5. 记录监控结果
            recordMonitoringResult(metrics, healthStatus);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("集群监控失败", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 检查集群状态
     */
    private void checkClusterStatus(ClusterHealthStatus healthStatus) {
        // 检查集群是否健康
        if (!healthStatus.isHealthy()) {
            // 发送告警
            sendClusterAlert(healthStatus);
        }

        // 检查节点状态
        for (NodeHealthStatus nodeStatus : healthStatus.getNodeStatuses()) {
            if (!nodeStatus.isHealthy()) {
                sendNodeAlert(nodeStatus);
            }
        }

        // 检查数据一致性
        if (healthStatus.getConsistencyStatus() != ConsistencyStatus.CONSISTENT) {
            sendConsistencyAlert(healthStatus.getConsistencyStatus());
        }
    }

    /**
     * 发送集群告警
     */
    private void sendClusterAlert(ClusterHealthStatus healthStatus) {
        ClusterAlert alert = new ClusterAlert();
        alert.setAlertType(AlertType.CLUSTER_UNHEALTHY);
        alert.setSeverity(Severity.HIGH);
        alert.setMessage("Cassandra集群状态异常");
        alert.setHealthStatus(healthStatus);
        alert.setTimestamp(System.currentTimeMillis());

        // 发送告警
        alertService.sendAlert(alert);
    }

    /**
     * 发送节点告警
     */
    private void sendNodeAlert(NodeHealthStatus nodeStatus) {
        NodeAlert alert = new NodeAlert();
        alert.setAlertType(AlertType.NODE_UNHEALTHY);
        alert.setSeverity(Severity.MEDIUM);
        alert.setMessage("Cassandra节点状态异常: " + nodeStatus.getNodeAddress());
        alert.setNodeStatus(nodeStatus);
        alert.setTimestamp(System.currentTimeMillis());

        // 发送告警
        alertService.sendAlert(alert);
    }

    /**
     * 发送一致性告警
     */
    private void sendConsistencyAlert(ConsistencyStatus consistencyStatus) {
        ConsistencyAlert alert = new ConsistencyAlert();
        alert.setAlertType(AlertType.DATA_INCONSISTENT);
        alert.setSeverity(Severity.CRITICAL);
        alert.setMessage("数据一致性异常: " + consistencyStatus);
        alert.setConsistencyStatus(consistencyStatus);
        alert.setTimestamp(System.currentTimeMillis());

        // 发送告警
        alertService.sendAlert(alert);
    }

    /**
     * 记录监控结果
     */
    private void recordMonitoringResult(ClusterMetrics metrics, ClusterHealthStatus healthStatus) {
        MonitoringResult result = new MonitoringResult();
        result.setTimestamp(System.currentTimeMillis());
        result.setMetrics(metrics);
        result.setHealthStatus(healthStatus);

        // 存储监控结果
        // monitoringResultStorage.store(result);
    }
}

2.2 节点健康检查器

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/**
 * Cassandra节点健康检查器
 */
@Service
public class NodeHealthChecker {

    @Autowired
    private CassandraNodeManager nodeManager;

    @Autowired
    private NodeMetricsCollector nodeMetricsCollector;

    @Autowired
    private NodeHealthAnalyzer healthAnalyzer;

    private final ScheduledExecutorService healthCheckScheduler;

    public NodeHealthChecker() {
        this.healthCheckScheduler = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(10);
    }

    /**
     * 启动节点健康检查
     */
    public void startHealthCheck() {
        // 启动定期健康检查任务
        healthCheckScheduler.scheduleAtFixedRate(
            this::checkNodeHealth,
            0,
            60,
            TimeUnit.SECONDS
        );

        log.info("Cassandra节点健康检查启动成功");
    }

    /**
     * 停止节点健康检查
     */
    public void stopHealthCheck() {
        try {
            healthCheckScheduler.shutdown();
            if (!healthCheckScheduler.awaitTermination(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
                healthCheckScheduler.shutdownNow();
            }

            log.info("Cassandra节点健康检查停止成功");

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("Cassandra节点健康检查停止失败", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 检查节点健康状态
     */
    private void checkNodeHealth() {
        try {
            // 1. 获取所有节点
            List<CassandraNode> nodes = nodeManager.getAllNodes();

            // 2. 检查每个节点
            for (CassandraNode node : nodes) {
                checkSingleNodeHealth(node);
            }

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("节点健康检查失败", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 检查单个节点健康状态
     */
    private void checkSingleNodeHealth(CassandraNode node) {
        try {
            // 1. 收集节点指标
            NodeMetrics metrics = nodeMetricsCollector.collectMetrics(node);

            // 2. 分析节点健康状态
            NodeHealthStatus healthStatus = healthAnalyzer.analyzeHealth(node, metrics);

            // 3. 检查节点状态
            if (!healthStatus.isHealthy()) {
                handleUnhealthyNode(node, healthStatus);
            }

            // 4. 记录健康检查结果
            recordHealthCheckResult(node, metrics, healthStatus);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("节点健康检查失败: {}", node.getAddress(), e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 处理不健康节点
     */
    private void handleUnhealthyNode(CassandraNode node, NodeHealthStatus healthStatus) {
        // 1. 发送节点告警
        sendNodeHealthAlert(node, healthStatus);

        // 2. 尝试自动修复
        if (healthStatus.isAutoRepairable()) {
            attemptAutoRepair(node, healthStatus);
        }

        // 3. 记录节点问题
        recordNodeIssue(node, healthStatus);
    }

    /**
     * 发送节点健康告警
     */
    private void sendNodeHealthAlert(CassandraNode node, NodeHealthStatus healthStatus) {
        NodeHealthAlert alert = new NodeHealthAlert();
        alert.setAlertType(AlertType.NODE_UNHEALTHY);
        alert.setSeverity(healthStatus.getSeverity());
        alert.setMessage("节点健康状态异常: " + node.getAddress());
        alert.setNode(node);
        alert.setHealthStatus(healthStatus);
        alert.setTimestamp(System.currentTimeMillis());

        // 发送告警
        alertService.sendAlert(alert);
    }

    /**
     * 尝试自动修复
     */
    private void attemptAutoRepair(CassandraNode node, NodeHealthStatus healthStatus) {
        try {
            log.info("尝试自动修复节点: {}", node.getAddress());

            // 根据问题类型选择修复策略
            switch (healthStatus.getIssueType()) {
                case CONNECTION_ISSUE:
                    repairConnectionIssue(node);
                    break;
                case MEMORY_ISSUE:
                    repairMemoryIssue(node);
                    break;
                case DISK_ISSUE:
                    repairDiskIssue(node);
                    break;
                case GC_ISSUE:
                    repairGCIssue(node);
                    break;
                default:
                    log.warn("无法自动修复的问题类型: {}", healthStatus.getIssueType());
            }

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("自动修复失败: {}", node.getAddress(), e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 修复连接问题
     */
    private void repairConnectionIssue(CassandraNode node) {
        try {
            // 重启节点连接
            nodeManager.restartNodeConnection(node);
            log.info("节点连接修复成功: {}", node.getAddress());

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("节点连接修复失败: {}", node.getAddress(), e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 修复内存问题
     */
    private void repairMemoryIssue(CassandraNode node) {
        try {
            // 触发GC
            nodeManager.triggerGC(node);
            log.info("节点内存修复成功: {}", node.getAddress());

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("节点内存修复失败: {}", node.getAddress(), e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 修复磁盘问题
     */
    private void repairDiskIssue(CassandraNode node) {
        try {
            // 清理临时文件
            nodeManager.cleanupTempFiles(node);
            log.info("节点磁盘修复成功: {}", node.getAddress());

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("节点磁盘修复失败: {}", node.getAddress(), e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 修复GC问题
     */
    private void repairGCIssue(CassandraNode node) {
        try {
            // 调整GC参数
            nodeManager.adjustGCParameters(node);
            log.info("节点GC修复成功: {}", node.getAddress());

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("节点GC修复失败: {}", node.getAddress(), e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 记录健康检查结果
     */
    private void recordHealthCheckResult(CassandraNode node, NodeMetrics metrics, NodeHealthStatus healthStatus) {
        HealthCheckResult result = new HealthCheckResult();
        result.setNodeAddress(node.getAddress());
        result.setTimestamp(System.currentTimeMillis());
        result.setMetrics(metrics);
        result.setHealthStatus(healthStatus);

        // 存储健康检查结果
        // healthCheckResultStorage.store(result);
    }
}

2.3 数据一致性检查器

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/**
 * Cassandra数据一致性检查器
 */
@Service
public class DataConsistencyChecker {

    @Autowired
    private CassandraDataManager dataManager;

    @Autowired
    private ConsistencyAnalyzer consistencyAnalyzer;

    @Autowired
    private RepairService repairService;

    private final ScheduledExecutorService consistencyCheckScheduler;

    public DataConsistencyChecker() {
        this.consistencyCheckScheduler = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(3);
    }

    /**
     * 启动数据一致性检查
     */
    public void startConsistencyCheck() {
        // 启动定期一致性检查任务
        consistencyCheckScheduler.scheduleAtFixedRate(
            this::checkDataConsistency,
            0,
            300, // 5分钟
            TimeUnit.SECONDS
        );

        log.info("Cassandra数据一致性检查启动成功");
    }

    /**
     * 停止数据一致性检查
     */
    public void stopConsistencyCheck() {
        try {
            consistencyCheckScheduler.shutdown();
            if (!consistencyCheckScheduler.awaitTermination(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
                consistencyCheckScheduler.shutdownNow();
            }

            log.info("Cassandra数据一致性检查停止成功");

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("Cassandra数据一致性检查停止失败", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 检查数据一致性
     */
    private void checkDataConsistency() {
        try {
            // 1. 获取所有keyspace
            List<String> keyspaces = dataManager.getAllKeyspaces();

            // 2. 检查每个keyspace的一致性
            for (String keyspace : keyspaces) {
                checkKeyspaceConsistency(keyspace);
            }

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("数据一致性检查失败", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 检查keyspace一致性
     */
    private void checkKeyspaceConsistency(String keyspace) {
        try {
            // 1. 获取keyspace的所有表
            List<String> tables = dataManager.getTablesInKeyspace(keyspace);

            // 2. 检查每个表的一致性
            for (String table : tables) {
                checkTableConsistency(keyspace, table);
            }

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("Keyspace一致性检查失败: {}", keyspace, e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 检查表一致性
     */
    private void checkTableConsistency(String keyspace, String table) {
        try {
            // 1. 检查数据复制
            ReplicationStatus replicationStatus = dataManager.checkReplicationStatus(keyspace, table);

            // 2. 检查数据完整性
            DataIntegrityStatus integrityStatus = dataManager.checkDataIntegrity(keyspace, table);

            // 3. 检查修复状态
            RepairStatus repairStatus = dataManager.checkRepairStatus(keyspace, table);

            // 4. 分析一致性状态
            ConsistencyStatus consistencyStatus = consistencyAnalyzer.analyzeConsistency(
                replicationStatus, integrityStatus, repairStatus
            );

            // 5. 处理一致性异常
            if (consistencyStatus != ConsistencyStatus.CONSISTENT) {
                handleConsistencyIssue(keyspace, table, consistencyStatus);
            }

            // 6. 记录一致性检查结果
            recordConsistencyCheckResult(keyspace, table, consistencyStatus);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("表一致性检查失败: {}.{}", keyspace, table, e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 处理一致性异常
     */
    private void handleConsistencyIssue(String keyspace, String table, ConsistencyStatus consistencyStatus) {
        try {
            // 1. 发送一致性告警
            sendConsistencyAlert(keyspace, table, consistencyStatus);

            // 2. 尝试自动修复
            if (consistencyStatus.isAutoRepairable()) {
                attemptConsistencyRepair(keyspace, table, consistencyStatus);
            }

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("一致性异常处理失败: {}.{}", keyspace, table, e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 发送一致性告警
     */
    private void sendConsistencyAlert(String keyspace, String table, ConsistencyStatus consistencyStatus) {
        ConsistencyAlert alert = new ConsistencyAlert();
        alert.setAlertType(AlertType.DATA_INCONSISTENT);
        alert.setSeverity(consistencyStatus.getSeverity());
        alert.setMessage("数据一致性异常: " + keyspace + "." + table);
        alert.setKeyspace(keyspace);
        alert.setTable(table);
        alert.setConsistencyStatus(consistencyStatus);
        alert.setTimestamp(System.currentTimeMillis());

        // 发送告警
        alertService.sendAlert(alert);
    }

    /**
     * 尝试一致性修复
     */
    private void attemptConsistencyRepair(String keyspace, String table, ConsistencyStatus consistencyStatus) {
        try {
            log.info("尝试修复数据一致性: {}.{}", keyspace, table);

            // 根据一致性状态选择修复策略
            switch (consistencyStatus.getIssueType()) {
                case REPLICATION_ISSUE:
                    repairService.repairReplication(keyspace, table);
                    break;
                case INTEGRITY_ISSUE:
                    repairService.repairIntegrity(keyspace, table);
                    break;
                case REPAIR_ISSUE:
                    repairService.repairTable(keyspace, table);
                    break;
                default:
                    log.warn("无法自动修复的一致性类型: {}", consistencyStatus.getIssueType());
            }

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("一致性修复失败: {}.{}", keyspace, table, e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 记录一致性检查结果
     */
    private void recordConsistencyCheckResult(String keyspace, String table, ConsistencyStatus consistencyStatus) {
        ConsistencyCheckResult result = new ConsistencyCheckResult();
        result.setKeyspace(keyspace);
        result.setTable(table);
        result.setTimestamp(System.currentTimeMillis());
        result.setConsistencyStatus(consistencyStatus);

        // 存储一致性检查结果
        // consistencyCheckResultStorage.store(result);
    }
}

三、性能监控与优化

3.1 性能监控服务

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/**
 * Cassandra性能监控服务
 */
@Service
public class PerformanceMonitorService {

    @Autowired
    private CassandraPerformanceCollector performanceCollector;

    @Autowired
    private PerformanceAnalyzer performanceAnalyzer;

    @Autowired
    private PerformanceOptimizer performanceOptimizer;

    private final ScheduledExecutorService performanceMonitorScheduler;

    public PerformanceMonitorService() {
        this.performanceMonitorScheduler = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(3);
    }

    /**
     * 启动性能监控
     */
    public void startPerformanceMonitoring() {
        // 启动定期性能监控任务
        performanceMonitorScheduler.scheduleAtFixedRate(
            this::monitorPerformance,
            0,
            60,
            TimeUnit.SECONDS
        );

        log.info("Cassandra性能监控启动成功");
    }

    /**
     * 停止性能监控
     */
    public void stopPerformanceMonitoring() {
        try {
            performanceMonitorScheduler.shutdown();
            if (!performanceMonitorScheduler.awaitTermination(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
                performanceMonitorScheduler.shutdownNow();
            }

            log.info("Cassandra性能监控停止成功");

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("Cassandra性能监控停止失败", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 监控性能
     */
    private void monitorPerformance() {
        try {
            // 1. 收集性能指标
            PerformanceMetrics metrics = performanceCollector.collectMetrics();

            // 2. 分析性能状态
            PerformanceStatus status = performanceAnalyzer.analyzePerformance(metrics);

            // 3. 检查性能异常
            if (!status.isHealthy()) {
                handlePerformanceIssue(status);
            }

            // 4. 尝试性能优化
            if (status.needsOptimization()) {
                attemptPerformanceOptimization(status);
            }

            // 5. 记录性能监控结果
            recordPerformanceMonitoringResult(metrics, status);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("性能监控失败", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 处理性能问题
     */
    private void handlePerformanceIssue(PerformanceStatus status) {
        try {
            // 1. 发送性能告警
            sendPerformanceAlert(status);

            // 2. 记录性能问题
            recordPerformanceIssue(status);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("性能问题处理失败", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 发送性能告警
     */
    private void sendPerformanceAlert(PerformanceStatus status) {
        PerformanceAlert alert = new PerformanceAlert();
        alert.setAlertType(AlertType.PERFORMANCE_ISSUE);
        alert.setSeverity(status.getSeverity());
        alert.setMessage("Cassandra性能异常");
        alert.setPerformanceStatus(status);
        alert.setTimestamp(System.currentTimeMillis());

        // 发送告警
        alertService.sendAlert(alert);
    }

    /**
     * 尝试性能优化
     */
    private void attemptPerformanceOptimization(PerformanceStatus status) {
        try {
            log.info("尝试性能优化");

            // 根据性能问题选择优化策略
            switch (status.getIssueType()) {
                case HIGH_LATENCY:
                    performanceOptimizer.optimizeLatency(status);
                    break;
                case LOW_THROUGHPUT:
                    performanceOptimizer.optimizeThroughput(status);
                    break;
                case HIGH_CPU_USAGE:
                    performanceOptimizer.optimizeCPUUsage(status);
                    break;
                case HIGH_MEMORY_USAGE:
                    performanceOptimizer.optimizeMemoryUsage(status);
                    break;
                case HIGH_DISK_USAGE:
                    performanceOptimizer.optimizeDiskUsage(status);
                    break;
                default:
                    log.warn("无法自动优化的性能问题类型: {}", status.getIssueType());
            }

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("性能优化失败", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 记录性能监控结果
     */
    private void recordPerformanceMonitoringResult(PerformanceMetrics metrics, PerformanceStatus status) {
        PerformanceMonitoringResult result = new PerformanceMonitoringResult();
        result.setTimestamp(System.currentTimeMillis());
        result.setMetrics(metrics);
        result.setStatus(status);

        // 存储性能监控结果
        // performanceMonitoringResultStorage.store(result);
    }
}

3.2 性能分析器

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/**
 * Cassandra性能分析器
 */
@Component
public class PerformanceAnalyzer {

    /**
     * 分析性能状态
     */
    public PerformanceStatus analyzePerformance(PerformanceMetrics metrics) {
        PerformanceStatus status = new PerformanceStatus();

        try {
            // 1. 分析读写延迟
            LatencyAnalysis latencyAnalysis = analyzeLatency(metrics);
            status.setLatencyAnalysis(latencyAnalysis);

            // 2. 分析吞吐量
            ThroughputAnalysis throughputAnalysis = analyzeThroughput(metrics);
            status.setThroughputAnalysis(throughputAnalysis);

            // 3. 分析资源使用率
            ResourceUsageAnalysis resourceAnalysis = analyzeResourceUsage(metrics);
            status.setResourceAnalysis(resourceAnalysis);

            // 4. 分析GC性能
            GCAnalysis gcAnalysis = analyzeGC(metrics);
            status.setGcAnalysis(gcAnalysis);

            // 5. 综合评估性能状态
            evaluatePerformanceStatus(status);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("性能分析失败", e);
            status.setHealthy(false);
            status.setSeverity(Severity.HIGH);
        }

        return status;
    }

    /**
     * 分析延迟
     */
    private LatencyAnalysis analyzeLatency(PerformanceMetrics metrics) {
        LatencyAnalysis analysis = new LatencyAnalysis();

        // 分析读延迟
        double readLatency = metrics.getReadLatency();
        analysis.setReadLatency(readLatency);
        analysis.setReadLatencyStatus(evaluateLatencyStatus(readLatency, "read"));

        // 分析写延迟
        double writeLatency = metrics.getWriteLatency();
        analysis.setWriteLatency(writeLatency);
        analysis.setWriteLatencyStatus(evaluateLatencyStatus(writeLatency, "write"));

        // 分析延迟趋势
        analysis.setLatencyTrend(analyzeLatencyTrend(metrics));

        return analysis;
    }

    /**
     * 分析吞吐量
     */
    private ThroughputAnalysis analyzeThroughput(PerformanceMetrics metrics) {
        ThroughputAnalysis analysis = new ThroughputAnalysis();

        // 分析读吞吐量
        double readThroughput = metrics.getReadThroughput();
        analysis.setReadThroughput(readThroughput);
        analysis.setReadThroughputStatus(evaluateThroughputStatus(readThroughput, "read"));

        // 分析写吞吐量
        double writeThroughput = metrics.getWriteThroughput();
        analysis.setWriteThroughput(writeThroughput);
        analysis.setWriteThroughputStatus(evaluateThroughputStatus(writeThroughput, "write"));

        // 分析吞吐量趋势
        analysis.setThroughputTrend(analyzeThroughputTrend(metrics));

        return analysis;
    }

    /**
     * 分析资源使用率
     */
    private ResourceUsageAnalysis analyzeResourceUsage(PerformanceMetrics metrics) {
        ResourceUsageAnalysis analysis = new ResourceUsageAnalysis();

        // 分析CPU使用率
        double cpuUsage = metrics.getCpuUsage();
        analysis.setCpuUsage(cpuUsage);
        analysis.setCpuUsageStatus(evaluateResourceUsageStatus(cpuUsage, "cpu"));

        // 分析内存使用率
        double memoryUsage = metrics.getMemoryUsage();
        analysis.setMemoryUsage(memoryUsage);
        analysis.setMemoryUsageStatus(evaluateResourceUsageStatus(memoryUsage, "memory"));

        // 分析磁盘使用率
        double diskUsage = metrics.getDiskUsage();
        analysis.setDiskUsage(diskUsage);
        analysis.setDiskUsageStatus(evaluateResourceUsageStatus(diskUsage, "disk"));

        return analysis;
    }

    /**
     * 分析GC性能
     */
    private GCAnalysis analyzeGC(PerformanceMetrics metrics) {
        GCAnalysis analysis = new GCAnalysis();

        // 分析GC频率
        double gcFrequency = metrics.getGcFrequency();
        analysis.setGcFrequency(gcFrequency);
        analysis.setGcFrequencyStatus(evaluateGCStatus(gcFrequency, "frequency"));

        // 分析GC时间
        double gcTime = metrics.getGcTime();
        analysis.setGcTime(gcTime);
        analysis.setGcTimeStatus(evaluateGCStatus(gcTime, "time"));

        // 分析GC效率
        analysis.setGcEfficiency(calculateGCEfficiency(metrics));

        return analysis;
    }

    /**
     * 评估性能状态
     */
    private void evaluatePerformanceStatus(PerformanceStatus status) {
        boolean isHealthy = true;
        Severity maxSeverity = Severity.LOW;

        // 评估延迟状态
        if (status.getLatencyAnalysis().hasIssues()) {
            isHealthy = false;
            maxSeverity = Severity.max(maxSeverity, status.getLatencyAnalysis().getMaxSeverity());
        }

        // 评估吞吐量状态
        if (status.getThroughputAnalysis().hasIssues()) {
            isHealthy = false;
            maxSeverity = Severity.max(maxSeverity, status.getThroughputAnalysis().getMaxSeverity());
        }

        // 评估资源使用状态
        if (status.getResourceAnalysis().hasIssues()) {
            isHealthy = false;
            maxSeverity = Severity.max(maxSeverity, status.getResourceAnalysis().getMaxSeverity());
        }

        // 评估GC状态
        if (status.getGcAnalysis().hasIssues()) {
            isHealthy = false;
            maxSeverity = Severity.max(maxSeverity, status.getGcAnalysis().getMaxSeverity());
        }

        status.setHealthy(isHealthy);
        status.setSeverity(maxSeverity);
    }

    /**
     * 评估延迟状态
     */
    private Status evaluateLatencyStatus(double latency, String type) {
        if (type.equals("read")) {
            if (latency > 100) { // 100ms
                return Status.CRITICAL;
            } else if (latency > 50) { // 50ms
                return Status.WARNING;
            } else {
                return Status.NORMAL;
            }
        } else if (type.equals("write")) {
            if (latency > 200) { // 200ms
                return Status.CRITICAL;
            } else if (latency > 100) { // 100ms
                return Status.WARNING;
            } else {
                return Status.NORMAL;
            }
        }

        return Status.NORMAL;
    }

    /**
     * 评估吞吐量状态
     */
    private Status evaluateThroughputStatus(double throughput, String type) {
        if (type.equals("read")) {
            if (throughput < 1000) { // 1000 ops/s
                return Status.CRITICAL;
            } else if (throughput < 5000) { // 5000 ops/s
                return Status.WARNING;
            } else {
                return Status.NORMAL;
            }
        } else if (type.equals("write")) {
            if (throughput < 500) { // 500 ops/s
                return Status.CRITICAL;
            } else if (throughput < 2000) { // 2000 ops/s
                return Status.WARNING;
            } else {
                return Status.NORMAL;
            }
        }

        return Status.NORMAL;
    }

    /**
     * 评估资源使用状态
     */
    private Status evaluateResourceUsageStatus(double usage, String type) {
        if (usage > 0.9) { // 90%
            return Status.CRITICAL;
        } else if (usage > 0.8) { // 80%
            return Status.WARNING;
        } else {
            return Status.NORMAL;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 评估GC状态
     */
    private Status evaluateGCStatus(double value, String type) {
        if (type.equals("frequency")) {
            if (value > 10) { // 10 times/min
                return Status.CRITICAL;
            } else if (value > 5) { // 5 times/min
                return Status.WARNING;
            } else {
                return Status.NORMAL;
            }
        } else if (type.equals("time")) {
            if (value > 1000) { // 1000ms
                return Status.CRITICAL;
            } else if (value > 500) { // 500ms
                return Status.WARNING;
            } else {
                return Status.NORMAL;
            }
        }

        return Status.NORMAL;
    }

    /**
     * 计算GC效率
     */
    private double calculateGCEfficiency(PerformanceMetrics metrics) {
        double gcTime = metrics.getGcTime();
        double totalTime = metrics.getTotalTime();

        if (totalTime > 0) {
            return 1.0 - (gcTime / totalTime);
        }

        return 1.0;
    }
}

四、存储监控与管理

4.1 存储监控服务

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/**
 * Cassandra存储监控服务
 */
@Service
public class StorageMonitorService {

    @Autowired
    private CassandraStorageManager storageManager;

    @Autowired
    private StorageAnalyzer storageAnalyzer;

    @Autowired
    private StorageOptimizer storageOptimizer;

    private final ScheduledExecutorService storageMonitorScheduler;

    public StorageMonitorService() {
        this.storageMonitorScheduler = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(3);
    }

    /**
     * 启动存储监控
     */
    public void startStorageMonitoring() {
        // 启动定期存储监控任务
        storageMonitorScheduler.scheduleAtFixedRate(
            this::monitorStorage,
            0,
            120, // 2分钟
            TimeUnit.SECONDS
        );

        log.info("Cassandra存储监控启动成功");
    }

    /**
     * 停止存储监控
     */
    public void stopStorageMonitoring() {
        try {
            storageMonitorScheduler.shutdown();
            if (!storageMonitorScheduler.awaitTermination(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
                storageMonitorScheduler.shutdownNow();
            }

            log.info("Cassandra存储监控停止成功");

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("Cassandra存储监控停止失败", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 监控存储
     */
    private void monitorStorage() {
        try {
            // 1. 收集存储指标
            StorageMetrics metrics = storageManager.collectStorageMetrics();

            // 2. 分析存储状态
            StorageStatus status = storageAnalyzer.analyzeStorage(metrics);

            // 3. 检查存储异常
            if (!status.isHealthy()) {
                handleStorageIssue(status);
            }

            // 4. 尝试存储优化
            if (status.needsOptimization()) {
                attemptStorageOptimization(status);
            }

            // 5. 记录存储监控结果
            recordStorageMonitoringResult(metrics, status);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("存储监控失败", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 处理存储问题
     */
    private void handleStorageIssue(StorageStatus status) {
        try {
            // 1. 发送存储告警
            sendStorageAlert(status);

            // 2. 记录存储问题
            recordStorageIssue(status);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("存储问题处理失败", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 发送存储告警
     */
    private void sendStorageAlert(StorageStatus status) {
        StorageAlert alert = new StorageAlert();
        alert.setAlertType(AlertType.STORAGE_ISSUE);
        alert.setSeverity(status.getSeverity());
        alert.setMessage("Cassandra存储异常");
        alert.setStorageStatus(status);
        alert.setTimestamp(System.currentTimeMillis());

        // 发送告警
        alertService.sendAlert(alert);
    }

    /**
     * 尝试存储优化
     */
    private void attemptStorageOptimization(StorageStatus status) {
        try {
            log.info("尝试存储优化");

            // 根据存储问题选择优化策略
            switch (status.getIssueType()) {
                case DISK_SPACE_LOW:
                    storageOptimizer.optimizeDiskSpace(status);
                    break;
                case COMPACTION_BACKLOG:
                    storageOptimizer.optimizeCompaction(status);
                    break;
                case SSTABLE_COUNT_HIGH:
                    storageOptimizer.optimizeSSTableCount(status);
                    break;
                case TOMBSTONE_COUNT_HIGH:
                    storageOptimizer.optimizeTombstoneCount(status);
                    break;
                default:
                    log.warn("无法自动优化的存储问题类型: {}", status.getIssueType());
            }

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("存储优化失败", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 记录存储监控结果
     */
    private void recordStorageMonitoringResult(StorageMetrics metrics, StorageStatus status) {
        StorageMonitoringResult result = new StorageMonitoringResult();
        result.setTimestamp(System.currentTimeMillis());
        result.setMetrics(metrics);
        result.setStatus(status);

        // 存储存储监控结果
        // storageMonitoringResultStorage.store(result);
    }
}

4.2 存储分析器

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/**
 * Cassandra存储分析器
 */
@Component
public class StorageAnalyzer {

    /**
     * 分析存储状态
     */
    public StorageStatus analyzeStorage(StorageMetrics metrics) {
        StorageStatus status = new StorageStatus();

        try {
            // 1. 分析磁盘空间
            DiskSpaceAnalysis diskAnalysis = analyzeDiskSpace(metrics);
            status.setDiskSpaceAnalysis(diskAnalysis);

            // 2. 分析压缩状态
            CompactionAnalysis compactionAnalysis = analyzeCompaction(metrics);
            status.setCompactionAnalysis(compactionAnalysis);

            // 3. 分析SSTable状态
            SSTableAnalysis sstableAnalysis = analyzeSSTables(metrics);
            status.setSstableAnalysis(sstableAnalysis);

            // 4. 分析Tombstone状态
            TombstoneAnalysis tombstoneAnalysis = analyzeTombstones(metrics);
            status.setTombstoneAnalysis(tombstoneAnalysis);

            // 5. 综合评估存储状态
            evaluateStorageStatus(status);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("存储分析失败", e);
            status.setHealthy(false);
            status.setSeverity(Severity.HIGH);
        }

        return status;
    }

    /**
     * 分析磁盘空间
     */
    private DiskSpaceAnalysis analyzeDiskSpace(StorageMetrics metrics) {
        DiskSpaceAnalysis analysis = new DiskSpaceAnalysis();

        // 分析磁盘使用率
        double diskUsage = metrics.getDiskUsage();
        analysis.setDiskUsage(diskUsage);
        analysis.setDiskUsageStatus(evaluateDiskUsageStatus(diskUsage));

        // 分析可用空间
        long availableSpace = metrics.getAvailableSpace();
        analysis.setAvailableSpace(availableSpace);
        analysis.setAvailableSpaceStatus(evaluateAvailableSpaceStatus(availableSpace));

        // 分析空间趋势
        analysis.setSpaceTrend(analyzeSpaceTrend(metrics));

        return analysis;
    }

    /**
     * 分析压缩状态
     */
    private CompactionAnalysis analyzeCompaction(StorageMetrics metrics) {
        CompactionAnalysis analysis = new CompactionAnalysis();

        // 分析压缩队列长度
        int compactionQueueLength = metrics.getCompactionQueueLength();
        analysis.setCompactionQueueLength(compactionQueueLength);
        analysis.setCompactionQueueStatus(evaluateCompactionQueueStatus(compactionQueueLength));

        // 分析压缩进度
        double compactionProgress = metrics.getCompactionProgress();
        analysis.setCompactionProgress(compactionProgress);
        analysis.setCompactionProgressStatus(evaluateCompactionProgressStatus(compactionProgress));

        // 分析压缩效率
        analysis.setCompactionEfficiency(calculateCompactionEfficiency(metrics));

        return analysis;
    }

    /**
     * 分析SSTable状态
     */
    private SSTableAnalysis analyzeSSTables(StorageMetrics metrics) {
        SSTableAnalysis analysis = new SSTableAnalysis();

        // 分析SSTable数量
        int sstableCount = metrics.getSstableCount();
        analysis.setSstableCount(sstableCount);
        analysis.setSstableCountStatus(evaluateSSTableCountStatus(sstableCount));

        // 分析SSTable大小
        long sstableSize = metrics.getSstableSize();
        analysis.setSstableSize(sstableSize);
        analysis.setSstableSizeStatus(evaluateSSTableSizeStatus(sstableSize));

        // 分析SSTable分布
        analysis.setSstableDistribution(analyzeSSTableDistribution(metrics));

        return analysis;
    }

    /**
     * 分析Tombstone状态
     */
    private TombstoneAnalysis analyzeTombstones(StorageMetrics metrics) {
        TombstoneAnalysis analysis = new TombstoneAnalysis();

        // 分析Tombstone数量
        int tombstoneCount = metrics.getTombstoneCount();
        analysis.setTombstoneCount(tombstoneCount);
        analysis.setTombstoneCountStatus(evaluateTombstoneCountStatus(tombstoneCount));

        // 分析Tombstone比例
        double tombstoneRatio = metrics.getTombstoneRatio();
        analysis.setTombstoneRatio(tombstoneRatio);
        analysis.setTombstoneRatioStatus(evaluateTombstoneRatioStatus(tombstoneRatio));

        // 分析Tombstone清理效率
        analysis.setTombstoneCleanupEfficiency(calculateTombstoneCleanupEfficiency(metrics));

        return analysis;
    }

    /**
     * 评估存储状态
     */
    private void evaluateStorageStatus(StorageStatus status) {
        boolean isHealthy = true;
        Severity maxSeverity = Severity.LOW;

        // 评估磁盘空间状态
        if (status.getDiskSpaceAnalysis().hasIssues()) {
            isHealthy = false;
            maxSeverity = Severity.max(maxSeverity, status.getDiskSpaceAnalysis().getMaxSeverity());
        }

        // 评估压缩状态
        if (status.getCompactionAnalysis().hasIssues()) {
            isHealthy = false;
            maxSeverity = Severity.max(maxSeverity, status.getCompactionAnalysis().getMaxSeverity());
        }

        // 评估SSTable状态
        if (status.getSstableAnalysis().hasIssues()) {
            isHealthy = false;
            maxSeverity = Severity.max(maxSeverity, status.getSstableAnalysis().getMaxSeverity());
        }

        // 评估Tombstone状态
        if (status.getTombstoneAnalysis().hasIssues()) {
            isHealthy = false;
            maxSeverity = Severity.max(maxSeverity, status.getTombstoneAnalysis().getMaxSeverity());
        }

        status.setHealthy(isHealthy);
        status.setSeverity(maxSeverity);
    }

    /**
     * 评估磁盘使用状态
     */
    private Status evaluateDiskUsageStatus(double diskUsage) {
        if (diskUsage > 0.9) { // 90%
            return Status.CRITICAL;
        } else if (diskUsage > 0.8) { // 80%
            return Status.WARNING;
        } else {
            return Status.NORMAL;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 评估可用空间状态
     */
    private Status evaluateAvailableSpaceStatus(long availableSpace) {
        if (availableSpace < 1024 * 1024 * 1024) { // 1GB
            return Status.CRITICAL;
        } else if (availableSpace < 5 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024) { // 5GB
            return Status.WARNING;
        } else {
            return Status.NORMAL;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 评估压缩队列状态
     */
    private Status evaluateCompactionQueueStatus(int queueLength) {
        if (queueLength > 100) {
            return Status.CRITICAL;
        } else if (queueLength > 50) {
            return Status.WARNING;
        } else {
            return Status.NORMAL;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 评估压缩进度状态
     */
    private Status evaluateCompactionProgressStatus(double progress) {
        if (progress < 0.1) { // 10%
            return Status.CRITICAL;
        } else if (progress < 0.3) { // 30%
            return Status.WARNING;
        } else {
            return Status.NORMAL;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 评估SSTable数量状态
     */
    private Status evaluateSSTableCountStatus(int count) {
        if (count > 1000) {
            return Status.CRITICAL;
        } else if (count > 500) {
            return Status.WARNING;
        } else {
            return Status.NORMAL;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 评估SSTable大小状态
     */
    private Status evaluateSSTableSizeStatus(long size) {
        if (size > 100 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024) { // 100GB
            return Status.CRITICAL;
        } else if (size > 50 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024) { // 50GB
            return Status.WARNING;
        } else {
            return Status.NORMAL;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 评估Tombstone数量状态
     */
    private Status evaluateTombstoneCountStatus(int count) {
        if (count > 1000000) { // 1M
            return Status.CRITICAL;
        } else if (count > 100000) { // 100K
            return Status.WARNING;
        } else {
            return Status.NORMAL;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 评估Tombstone比例状态
     */
    private Status evaluateTombstoneRatioStatus(double ratio) {
        if (ratio > 0.5) { // 50%
            return Status.CRITICAL;
        } else if (ratio > 0.2) { // 20%
            return Status.WARNING;
        } else {
            return Status.NORMAL;
        }
    }
}

五、企业级Cassandra巡检方案

5.1 巡检配置管理

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/**
 * Cassandra巡检配置管理服务
 */
@Service
public class CassandraInspectionConfigService {

    @Autowired
    private InspectionConfigRepository configRepository;

    /**
     * 获取巡检配置
     */
    public CassandraInspectionConfig getConfig(String configId) {
        return configRepository.findById(configId)
            .orElseThrow(() -> new ConfigNotFoundException("Cassandra巡检配置不存在: " + configId));
    }

    /**
     * 保存巡检配置
     */
    public void saveConfig(CassandraInspectionConfig config) {
        try {
            // 验证配置
            validateConfig(config);

            // 保存配置
            configRepository.save(config);

            log.info("Cassandra巡检配置保存成功: {}", config.getConfigId());

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("Cassandra巡检配置保存失败", e);
            throw new ConfigSaveException("Cassandra巡检配置保存失败", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 更新巡检配置
     */
    public void updateConfig(String configId, CassandraInspectionConfig config) {
        try {
            // 检查配置是否存在
            if (!configRepository.existsById(configId)) {
                throw new ConfigNotFoundException("Cassandra巡检配置不存在: " + configId);
            }

            // 验证配置
            validateConfig(config);

            // 更新配置
            config.setConfigId(configId);
            configRepository.save(config);

            log.info("Cassandra巡检配置更新成功: {}", configId);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("Cassandra巡检配置更新失败", e);
            throw new ConfigUpdateException("Cassandra巡检配置更新失败", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 删除巡检配置
     */
    public void deleteConfig(String configId) {
        try {
            if (!configRepository.existsById(configId)) {
                throw new ConfigNotFoundException("Cassandra巡检配置不存在: " + configId);
            }

            configRepository.deleteById(configId);

            log.info("Cassandra巡检配置删除成功: {}", configId);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("Cassandra巡检配置删除失败", e);
            throw new ConfigDeleteException("Cassandra巡检配置删除失败", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 获取所有配置
     */
    public List<CassandraInspectionConfig> getAllConfigs() {
        return configRepository.findAll();
    }

    /**
     * 验证配置
     */
    private void validateConfig(CassandraInspectionConfig config) {
        if (config.getConfigId() == null || config.getConfigId().isEmpty()) {
            throw new ConfigValidationException("配置ID不能为空");
        }

        if (config.getClusterName() == null || config.getClusterName().isEmpty()) {
            throw new ConfigValidationException("集群名称不能为空");
        }

        if (config.getNodeAddresses() == null || config.getNodeAddresses().isEmpty()) {
            throw new ConfigValidationException("节点地址不能为空");
        }

        if (config.getInspectionInterval() <= 0) {
            throw new ConfigValidationException("巡检间隔必须大于0");
        }

        if (config.getAlertThresholds() == null || config.getAlertThresholds().isEmpty()) {
            throw new ConfigValidationException("告警阈值不能为空");
        }
    }
}

5.2 巡检报告生成

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/**
 * Cassandra巡检报告生成服务
 */
@Service
public class CassandraInspectionReportService {

    @Autowired
    private InspectionResultStorageService resultStorageService;

    @Autowired
    private ReportTemplateService templateService;

    /**
     * 生成Cassandra巡检报告
     */
    public CassandraInspectionReport generateReport(String clusterName, Date startTime, Date endTime) {
        CassandraInspectionReport report = new CassandraInspectionReport();

        try {
            // 1. 设置报告基本信息
            report.setReportId(generateReportId());
            report.setClusterName(clusterName);
            report.setStartTime(startTime);
            report.setEndTime(endTime);
            report.setGenerateTime(new Date());

            // 2. 获取巡检结果
            List<InspectionResult> results = resultStorageService.getResultsByCluster(clusterName, startTime, endTime);

            // 3. 生成集群统计信息
            ClusterStatistics clusterStats = generateClusterStatistics(results);
            report.setClusterStatistics(clusterStats);

            // 4. 生成节点统计信息
            List<NodeStatistics> nodeStats = generateNodeStatistics(results);
            report.setNodeStatistics(nodeStats);

            // 5. 生成性能分析
            PerformanceAnalysis performanceAnalysis = generatePerformanceAnalysis(results);
            report.setPerformanceAnalysis(performanceAnalysis);

            // 6. 生成存储分析
            StorageAnalysis storageAnalysis = generateStorageAnalysis(results);
            report.setStorageAnalysis(storageAnalysis);

            // 7. 生成异常分析
            ExceptionAnalysis exceptionAnalysis = generateExceptionAnalysis(results);
            report.setExceptionAnalysis(exceptionAnalysis);

            // 8. 生成建议
            List<Recommendation> recommendations = generateRecommendations(report);
            report.setRecommendations(recommendations);

            // 9. 生成报告摘要
            String summary = generateSummary(report);
            report.setSummary(summary);

            log.info("Cassandra巡检报告生成成功: {}", report.getReportId());

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("Cassandra巡检报告生成失败", e);
            throw new ReportGenerationException("Cassandra巡检报告生成失败", e);
        }

        return report;
    }

    /**
     * 生成集群统计信息
     */
    private ClusterStatistics generateClusterStatistics(List<InspectionResult> results) {
        ClusterStatistics stats = new ClusterStatistics();

        try {
            // 计算基础统计
            stats.setTotalInspections(results.size());
            stats.setSuccessfulInspections((int) results.stream()
                .filter(result -> result.getStatus() == InspectionStatus.SUCCESS)
                .count());
            stats.setFailedInspections((int) results.stream()
                .filter(result -> result.getStatus() == InspectionStatus.FAILURE)
                .count());

            // 计算成功率
            if (stats.getTotalInspections() > 0) {
                stats.setSuccessRate((double) stats.getSuccessfulInspections() / stats.getTotalInspections());
            }

            // 计算平均执行时间
            double avgDuration = results.stream()
                .mapToLong(InspectionResult::getDuration)
                .average()
                .orElse(0.0);
            stats.setAverageDuration(avgDuration);

            // 计算异常统计
            Map<String, Integer> exceptionCounts = new HashMap<>();
            for (InspectionResult result : results) {
                for (CheckPointResult checkPointResult : result.getCheckPointResults()) {
                    if (checkPointResult.getStatus() == CheckPointStatus.FAILED) {
                        String exceptionType = classifyException(checkPointResult.getErrorMessage());
                        exceptionCounts.merge(exceptionType, 1, Integer::sum);
                    }
                }
            }
            stats.setExceptionCounts(exceptionCounts);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("集群统计信息生成失败", e);
        }

        return stats;
    }

    /**
     * 生成节点统计信息
     */
    private List<NodeStatistics> generateNodeStatistics(List<InspectionResult> results) {
        List<NodeStatistics> nodeStats = new ArrayList<>();

        try {
            // 按节点分组
            Map<String, List<InspectionResult>> nodeResults = results.stream()
                .collect(Collectors.groupingBy(result -> extractNodeAddress(result)));

            // 为每个节点生成统计信息
            for (Map.Entry<String, List<InspectionResult>> entry : nodeResults.entrySet()) {
                String nodeAddress = entry.getKey();
                List<InspectionResult> nodeResultList = entry.getValue();

                NodeStatistics nodeStat = new NodeStatistics();
                nodeStat.setNodeAddress(nodeAddress);
                nodeStat.setTotalInspections(nodeResultList.size());
                nodeStat.setSuccessfulInspections((int) nodeResultList.stream()
                    .filter(result -> result.getStatus() == InspectionStatus.SUCCESS)
                    .count());
                nodeStat.setFailedInspections((int) nodeResultList.stream()
                    .filter(result -> result.getStatus() == InspectionStatus.FAILURE)
                    .count());

                // 计算成功率
                if (nodeStat.getTotalInspections() > 0) {
                    nodeStat.setSuccessRate((double) nodeStat.getSuccessfulInspections() / nodeStat.getTotalInspections());
                }

                // 计算平均执行时间
                double avgDuration = nodeResultList.stream()
                    .mapToLong(InspectionResult::getDuration)
                    .average()
                    .orElse(0.0);
                nodeStat.setAverageDuration(avgDuration);

                nodeStats.add(nodeStat);
            }

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("节点统计信息生成失败", e);
        }

        return nodeStats;
    }

    /**
     * 生成性能分析
     */
    private PerformanceAnalysis generatePerformanceAnalysis(List<InspectionResult> results) {
        PerformanceAnalysis analysis = new PerformanceAnalysis();

        try {
            // 分析延迟趋势
            List<Double> latencies = results.stream()
                .map(result -> extractLatency(result))
                .filter(latency -> latency > 0)
                .collect(Collectors.toList());

            analysis.setLatencyTrend(analyzeTrend(latencies));
            analysis.setAverageLatency(latencies.stream().mapToDouble(Double::doubleValue).average().orElse(0.0));
            analysis.setMaxLatency(latencies.stream().mapToDouble(Double::doubleValue).max().orElse(0.0));
            analysis.setMinLatency(latencies.stream().mapToDouble(Double::doubleValue).min().orElse(0.0));

            // 分析吞吐量趋势
            List<Double> throughputs = results.stream()
                .map(result -> extractThroughput(result))
                .filter(throughput -> throughput > 0)
                .collect(Collectors.toList());

            analysis.setThroughputTrend(analyzeTrend(throughputs));
            analysis.setAverageThroughput(throughputs.stream().mapToDouble(Double::doubleValue).average().orElse(0.0));
            analysis.setMaxThroughput(throughputs.stream().mapToDouble(Double::doubleValue).max().orElse(0.0));
            analysis.setMinThroughput(throughputs.stream().mapToDouble(Double::doubleValue).min().orElse(0.0));

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("性能分析生成失败", e);
        }

        return analysis;
    }

    /**
     * 生成存储分析
     */
    private StorageAnalysis generateStorageAnalysis(List<InspectionResult> results) {
        StorageAnalysis analysis = new StorageAnalysis();

        try {
            // 分析磁盘使用趋势
            List<Double> diskUsages = results.stream()
                .map(result -> extractDiskUsage(result))
                .filter(usage -> usage > 0)
                .collect(Collectors.toList());

            analysis.setDiskUsageTrend(analyzeTrend(diskUsages));
            analysis.setAverageDiskUsage(diskUsages.stream().mapToDouble(Double::doubleValue).average().orElse(0.0));
            analysis.setMaxDiskUsage(diskUsages.stream().mapToDouble(Double::doubleValue).max().orElse(0.0));
            analysis.setMinDiskUsage(diskUsages.stream().mapToDouble(Double::doubleValue).min().orElse(0.0));

            // 分析压缩状态
            List<Integer> compactionQueueLengths = results.stream()
                .map(result -> extractCompactionQueueLength(result))
                .filter(length -> length >= 0)
                .collect(Collectors.toList());

            analysis.setCompactionQueueTrend(analyzeTrend(compactionQueueLengths));
            analysis.setAverageCompactionQueueLength(compactionQueueLengths.stream().mapToInt(Integer::intValue).average().orElse(0.0));
            analysis.setMaxCompactionQueueLength(compactionQueueLengths.stream().mapToInt(Integer::intValue).max().orElse(0));
            analysis.setMinCompactionQueueLength(compactionQueueLengths.stream().mapToInt(Integer::intValue).min().orElse(0));

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("存储分析生成失败", e);
        }

        return analysis;
    }

    /**
     * 生成异常分析
     */
    private ExceptionAnalysis generateExceptionAnalysis(List<InspectionResult> results) {
        ExceptionAnalysis analysis = new ExceptionAnalysis();

        try {
            // 统计异常类型
            Map<String, Integer> exceptionTypeCount = new HashMap<>();
            Map<String, Integer> exceptionMessageCount = new HashMap<>();

            for (InspectionResult result : results) {
                for (CheckPointResult checkPointResult : result.getCheckPointResults()) {
                    if (checkPointResult.getStatus() == CheckPointStatus.FAILED) {
                        String errorMessage = checkPointResult.getErrorMessage();

                        // 统计异常消息
                        exceptionMessageCount.merge(errorMessage, 1, Integer::sum);

                        // 统计异常类型
                        String exceptionType = classifyException(errorMessage);
                        exceptionTypeCount.merge(exceptionType, 1, Integer::sum);
                    }
                }
            }

            analysis.setExceptionTypeCount(exceptionTypeCount);
            analysis.setExceptionMessageCount(exceptionMessageCount);

            // 找出最常见的异常
            String mostCommonException = exceptionMessageCount.entrySet().stream()
                .max(Map.Entry.comparingByValue())
                .map(Map.Entry::getKey)
                .orElse("无");

            analysis.setMostCommonException(mostCommonException);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("异常分析生成失败", e);
        }

        return analysis;
    }

    /**
     * 生成建议
     */
    private List<Recommendation> generateRecommendations(CassandraInspectionReport report) {
        List<Recommendation> recommendations = new ArrayList<>();

        try {
            // 基于集群统计生成建议
            ClusterStatistics clusterStats = report.getClusterStatistics();
            if (clusterStats.getSuccessRate() < 0.8) {
                Recommendation rec = new Recommendation();
                rec.setType(RecommendationType.CLUSTER_STABILITY);
                rec.setPriority(Priority.HIGH);
                rec.setTitle("提升集群稳定性");
                rec.setDescription("当前集群巡检成功率为" + String.format("%.2f", clusterStats.getSuccessRate() * 100) + "%，建议检查集群配置和网络连接");
                recommendations.add(rec);
            }

            // 基于性能分析生成建议
            PerformanceAnalysis perfAnalysis = report.getPerformanceAnalysis();
            if (perfAnalysis.getAverageLatency() > 100) {
                Recommendation rec = new Recommendation();
                rec.setType(RecommendationType.PERFORMANCE);
                rec.setPriority(Priority.MEDIUM);
                rec.setTitle("优化集群性能");
                rec.setDescription("平均延迟为" + String.format("%.2f", perfAnalysis.getAverageLatency()) + "ms，建议优化查询和调整配置");
                recommendations.add(rec);
            }

            // 基于存储分析生成建议
            StorageAnalysis storageAnalysis = report.getStorageAnalysis();
            if (storageAnalysis.getAverageDiskUsage() > 0.8) {
                Recommendation rec = new Recommendation();
                rec.setType(RecommendationType.STORAGE);
                rec.setPriority(Priority.HIGH);
                rec.setTitle("优化存储空间");
                rec.setDescription("平均磁盘使用率为" + String.format("%.2f", storageAnalysis.getAverageDiskUsage() * 100) + "%，建议清理数据和增加存储");
                recommendations.add(rec);
            }

            // 基于异常分析生成建议
            ExceptionAnalysis exceptionAnalysis = report.getExceptionAnalysis();
            if (exceptionAnalysis.getMostCommonException() != null && 
                !exceptionAnalysis.getMostCommonException().equals("无")) {
                Recommendation rec = new Recommendation();
                rec.setType(RecommendationType.EXCEPTION_HANDLING);
                rec.setPriority(Priority.MEDIUM);
                rec.setTitle("处理常见异常");
                rec.setDescription("最常见的异常是：" + exceptionAnalysis.getMostCommonException() + "，建议优先处理");
                recommendations.add(rec);
            }

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("建议生成失败", e);
        }

        return recommendations;
    }

    /**
     * 生成报告摘要
     */
    private String generateSummary(CassandraInspectionReport report) {
        StringBuilder summary = new StringBuilder();

        summary.append("Cassandra巡检报告摘要\n");
        summary.append("集群名称: ").append(report.getClusterName()).append("\n");
        summary.append("统计期间: ").append(report.getStartTime()).append(" - ").append(report.getEndTime()).append("\n");
        summary.append("总巡检次数: ").append(report.getClusterStatistics().getTotalInspections()).append("\n");
        summary.append("成功率: ").append(String.format("%.2f", report.getClusterStatistics().getSuccessRate() * 100)).append("%\n");
        summary.append("平均延迟: ").append(String.format("%.2f", report.getPerformanceAnalysis().getAverageLatency())).append("ms\n");
        summary.append("平均磁盘使用率: ").append(String.format("%.2f", report.getStorageAnalysis().getAverageDiskUsage() * 100)).append("%\n");

        if (!report.getRecommendations().isEmpty()) {
            summary.append("主要建议: ").append(report.getRecommendations().get(0).getTitle()).append("\n");
        }

        return summary.toString();
    }

    /**
     * 分类异常
     */
    private String classifyException(String errorMessage) {
        if (errorMessage.contains("连接") || errorMessage.contains("connection")) {
            return "连接异常";
        } else if (errorMessage.contains("超时") || errorMessage.contains("timeout")) {
            return "超时异常";
        } else if (errorMessage.contains("磁盘") || errorMessage.contains("disk")) {
            return "磁盘异常";
        } else if (errorMessage.contains("内存") || errorMessage.contains("memory")) {
            return "内存异常";
        } else if (errorMessage.contains("压缩") || errorMessage.contains("compaction")) {
            return "压缩异常";
        } else {
            return "其他异常";
        }
    }

    /**
     * 分析趋势
     */
    private TrendDirection analyzeTrend(List<? extends Number> values) {
        if (values.size() < 2) {
            return TrendDirection.STABLE;
        }

        // 简单趋势分析
        double firstHalf = values.subList(0, values.size() / 2).stream()
            .mapToDouble(Number::doubleValue)
            .average()
            .orElse(0.0);

        double secondHalf = values.subList(values.size() / 2, values.size()).stream()
            .mapToDouble(Number::doubleValue)
            .average()
            .orElse(0.0);

        if (secondHalf > firstHalf * 1.1) {
            return TrendDirection.INCREASING;
        } else if (secondHalf < firstHalf * 0.9) {
            return TrendDirection.DECREASING;
        } else {
            return TrendDirection.STABLE;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 生成报告ID
     */
    private String generateReportId() {
        return "cassandra-report-" + System.currentTimeMillis() + "-" + Thread.currentThread().getId();
    }
}

六、最佳实践与总结

6.1 Cassandra自动巡检最佳实践

  1. 集群监控策略

    • 建立全面的集群监控体系
    • 监控节点健康状态
    • 监控数据一致性

  2. 性能优化策略

    • 监控读写性能
    • 优化延迟和吞吐量
    • 监控资源使用率

  3. 存储管理策略

    • 监控磁盘空间使用
    • 管理压缩状态
    • 优化SSTable分布

  4. 异常处理机制

    • 建立完善的异常分类
    • 实现智能告警
    • 提供自动修复能力

6.2 架构师级Cassandra运维技能

  1. 集群管理能力

    • 深入理解Cassandra架构
    • 掌握集群扩展和收缩
    • 管理数据分布和复制

  2. 性能调优能力

    • 优化读写性能
    • 调整JVM参数
    • 优化压缩策略

  3. 故障处理能力

    • 快速定位问题
    • 制定修复方案
    • 预防潜在问题

  4. 监控运维能力

    • 建立监控体系
    • 实现自动化运维
    • 持续优化改进

6.3 持续改进建议

  1. 监控体系完善

    • 完善监控指标
    • 优化告警策略
    • 提升监控精度

  2. 自动化程度提升

    • 实现更多自动修复
    • 优化巡检策略
    • 提升运维效率

  3. 知识积累

    • 建立运维知识库
    • 总结最佳实践
    • 形成标准化流程

总结

Cassandra自动巡检是企业级NoSQL数据库运维的核心能力，通过智能的集群监控策略、完善的性能优化机制和系统化的存储管理，能够及时发现集群异常，预防数据丢失，保障企业级应用的高可用性。本文从集群监控设计到性能优化，从基础原理到企业级实践，系统梳理了Cassandra自动巡检的完整解决方案。

关键要点：

  1. 集群监控策略：全面的集群监控和节点健康检查
  2. 性能优化机制：智能的性能监控和优化
  3. 存储管理方案：完善的存储监控和优化
  4. 企业级实践：配置管理、报告生成、持续改进

通过深入理解这些技术要点，架构师能够设计出完善的Cassandra自动巡检系统，提升集群的稳定性和可靠性，确保企业级应用的高可用性。